Xiao Chai Hu Tang
Star小柴胡汤 (Minor Bupleurum Decoction)
Source: Shang Han Lun — Zhang Zhongjing (Han, 220)
Last updated July 22, 2026
Description
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is one of the most studied and widely used classical formulas, treating Shao Yang syndrome — when disease is neither on the exterior nor fully interior. It harmonizes and releases the Shao Yang, balances Liver-Gallbladder and Spleen-Stomach, and is the basis for numerous modern clinical applications in hepatology, immunology, and respiratory medicine.
Composition
| Herb | Amount | % | Role | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chai Hu | 24g | 29.63% | Jun (Chief) | Releases Shao Yang pathogen, harmonizes exterior-interior, spreads Liver Qi. |
| Huang Qin | 9g | 11.11% | Chen (Deputy) | Clears heat from Shao Yang, eliminates Gallbladder heat. |
| Ban Xia | 9g | 11.11% | Chen (Deputy) | Harmonizes Stomach, descends rebellious Qi, stops vomiting. |
| Ren Shen | 9g | 11.11% | Zuo (Assistant) | Tonifies Spleen Qi, prevents pathogen entering interior. |
| Gan Cao | 9g | 11.11% | Zuo (Assistant) | Tonifies Qi, harmonizes all herbs. |
| Sheng Jiang | 9g | 11.11% | Shi (Envoy) | Harmonizes Stomach, assists Ban Xia, releases exterior. |
| Da Zao | 12g | 14.81% | Shi (Envoy) | Tonifies Spleen Qi and Blood, harmonizes Ying Qi. |
Total weight: 96g
Preparation
Traditional double-decoction: decoct all herbs in 1.2L water, reduce to 600mL, remove dregs, reduce to 300mL. Take warm in 3 doses/day.
Dosage
Decoction: 1 dose/day in 2–3 divided doses. Granules: follow package instructions.
Conditions Addressed
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Traditional formula information is for educational purposes only. Herbal formulas should be prescribed by a qualified practitioner — dosages and combinations are individualized and can interact with medications.
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