Xiao Shi
Nitrokalite (KNO₃)
☯ TCM Properties
Breaks Up Accumulations; Promotes Bowel and Urinary Movement; Clears Heat and Resolves Toxicity; Reduces swelling and dissipates masses; Softens Hardness and Promotes Discharge of Pus; Clears Heat from the Internal Organs
Botanical Description
Xiao Shi is the medicinal form of nitre (saltpeter), the naturally crystallizing potassium nitrate (KNO3) that forms as a white efflorescence on damp soils, cave walls, stable floors, and old plastered surfaces in arid regions, where nitrogen-fixing bacteria oxidize organic nitrogen to nitrate that combines with leached potassium. Historically the salt was harvested by leaching nitre-bearing earths with water, evaporating the lye, and recrystallizing the salt as colorless prismatic crystals with a cool sharp taste. Medicinal-grade material is purified by repeated recrystallization and may be roasted to remove water of crystallization. In traditional Chinese medicine Xiao Shi is bitter, salty, and warm, breaking up accumulations and dispersing masses, draining heat downward through purgation, and used in formulas for severe abdominal masses, jaundice from damp-heat, and obstinate constipation; it is also applied externally for sore throat and mouth ulcers. Because of the oxidizing nature of the salt, internal use is closely regulated by classical dosing.
Dosage
| Form | Amount | Frequency | Duration | Population | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| decoction | 6-15g | Daily | — | — | — |
Cultural & Historical Context
Traditional Chinese Uses
Xiao Shi (potassium nitrate, saltpeter) is a cold, bitter-salty mineral substance used to break down accumulations, stimulate urination and bowel movements, and clear Heat. It appears in classical formulas for jaundice, hard abdominal masses, urinary stones, and toxic swellings. Its potent purgative and dissolving action means it is only used in specific clinical situations by qualified practitioners and is not suitable for self-administration.
Traditional American Uses
None Documented
Important Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before using any herbal remedy, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medications.