Wine raspberry
Rubus phoenicolasius
Synonyms: Rubus trifidus var. tomentosus, Rubus phoenicolasius f. albiflorus, Rubus phoenicolasius var. aureiceps, Rubus phoenicolasius f. aureiceps, Rubus hydrastifolius var. tomentosus, Rubus phoenicolasius var. concolor, Rubus phoenicolasius var. albiflorus
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Botanical Description
Rubus phoenicolasius, the wineberry or wine raspberry, is a deciduous arching bramble in the family Rosaceae native to northern China, Japan, and Korea, widely cultivated and now invasively naturalized across the eastern United States and parts of Europe. Plants produce robust primocane stems 1-3 m long that arch outward and root where they touch the ground, distinctively clothed in a dense covering of red-glandular bristles and slender soft prickles that give the canes a velvety-red appearance. Leaves are alternate, pinnately compound with three (rarely five) ovate to broadly ovate leaflets, the terminal leaflet 5-10 cm long and somewhat larger than the laterals, with finely toothed margins, a dark green upper surface, and a conspicuous silvery-white tomentose lower surface that flashes when leaves are turned in the wind. The inflorescence is a small terminal cluster of 3-10 flowers, each 8-10 mm across, with five small pinkish-white petals shorter than the conspicuous, glandular-bristly, reddish sepals that fold back over the developing fruit when not in bloom. Flowering takes place in late spring. The fruit is a small bright-orange to red glistening drupelet aggregate 10-15 mm across, juicy, sweet-tart, and edible.
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